Another earnings season is just around the corner, and investors are sure to be scrutinizing Q2 results and probing for insights into how companies are navigating the evolving and complex macro landscape. Next week, we’ll be publishing our 63rd issue of Inside The Buy-Side® Earnings Primer®, offering a timely look at current investor sentiment amid this period of ongoing uncertainty.
Every quarter, we analyze earnings communication trends for off-cycle companies reporting over the past month to identify important themes and precedence. These companies span market cap sizes and sectors.
In-line with preliminary findings from our Inside The Buy-Side® Earnings Primer® — to be released Thursday, July 10 — earnings commentary reflects a generally balanced tone, with executives remaining cautious due to ongoing macro uncertainty, yet expressing optimism about their ability to adapt and manage near-term headwinds.
While tariff impacts have yet to drive a meaningful rise in inflation, analysts continue to expect flow-through in the months ahead, and questions remain about companies’ ability to pass on higher prices amid a softer demand backdrop, cooling labor market, and an increasingly fragile consumer. Indeed, as noted in our Q1’25 Closing the Quarter piece, while first quarter earnings came in largely better than expected, a look at consensus estimates for the S&P 500 shows a marked deceleration in earnings growth expectations for Q2, with margins expected to be pressured.
After delivering YoY earnings growth of 13.7% in Q1’25, estimates point to growth of 5.9% in Q2 for the Index, driven by the Communications and Technology sectors, while several sectors are expected to report YoY declines.
At the same time, equity markets have largely shaken off April/May tariff turmoil and June’s Iran/Israel conflict, with the S&P 500 having more than recouped “Liberation Day” losses and closing out 1H’25 at a new all-time high. Meanwhile, the July 9th reciprocal tariff deadline looms — with few trade deals yet to be reached — and it remains to be seen how the global trade landscape will unfold in the coming weeks and months.
Against this backdrop, executives are striking a measured stance toward the second half, with even those that delivered strong Q1 results tempering outlooks and preparing for a range of outcomes.
Regarding tariffs, companies continue to detail expected impacts and progress with mitigation strategies, touting flexible “in-region for-region” supply chains, diversified sourcing, and targeted pricing actions. Further, several companies framed price increases as a “last resort”, with the bulk of those coming from consumer-facing industries. Notably, numerous companies flagged an acceleration in the trend of higher-income consumers shifting toward value-seeking behavior.
On the demand front, trends vary across sectors and end markets. Executives point to elevated interest rates, a weak Spring housing market, downbeat consumer sentiment, and cautious corporate spending patterns among myriad headwinds, while areas tied to AI-driven demand remain strong, including data centers and technology solutions aimed at driving productivity and efficiency improvements.
Commentary reveals companies are taking a hard look at costs and “prudently” managing expenses in the near term, while still making strategic investments to streamline operations and deliver long-term profitable growth. At the same time, execs continue to highlight downturn playbook levers at their disposal to offset headwinds should conditions deteriorate further.
Globally, the picture is mixed, with India and Latin America exhibiting strength, offsetting weaker trends in North America. Demand in Western Europe remains largely challenged, albeit with increased defense spending cited as a bright spot. Views toward Southeast Asia are more upbeat, though China’s recovery remains uneven amid ongoing consumer pressures.
Key trends from our analysis of off-cycle earnings calls include:
Uncertainty Remains amid “Volatile” Macro Conditions, Tariffs, and Consumer Fragility; Execs Balance Cautious Guidance with Confidence in Ability to Adapt
Uneven Trends with Elevated Interest Rates, a Soft Housing Market, and Macro Uncertainty Serving as Drags; Data Centers and AI-driven Demand Remain Bright Spots; Mixed Signals on Tariff-induced Pull-forward
Companies Navigate Uncertainty by “Prudently” Managing Costs While Investing Strategically for Profitable Long-term Growth
Companies Leverage Supply Chain Flexibility, Diversified Sourcing, and Pricing Strategies to Manage Impact through 2025 and Beyond; Some Frame Raising Prices as “Last Resort”
Cautious Spending Trends and Trade-downs Continue as Higher-income Groups Flock to Value Retailers to Stretch Budgets
Regional Trends Diverge with India and LatAm Standout Growth Engines Amid a Softer Backdrop in North America and Europe; Some Bright Spots in Asia, Though China Recovery Remains Uneven
While recent earnings calls echo many of the big themes seen during the height of Q1 earnings, they also contain glimmers of improved sentiment relative to the April/May reporting timeframe. Though executives remain guarded in their outlooks, fears of an all-out global trade war have dissipated, and investors appear to have drawn confidence from mitigation steps outlined by companies to date. Important to note, however, mitigation efforts are generally not supportive of economic growth.
In the coming weeks, we’ll gain more clarity around what a post-90-day-pause reciprocal-tariff environment entails, with implications for corporate planning. In addition, big banks are set to kick off Q2 earnings season on July 15 and will shed light on the global economy, consumer, and deal environment.
In the meantime, businesses remain squarely focused on controlling costs, the labor market appears stalled in a “no-hire/no-fire” zone with increasing instances of companies implementing “back to the office” programs, resulting in unforced reductions in force, and the broader demand backdrop is far from robust (outside of AI and other segments benefiting from structural tailwinds). As such, it remains imperative to strike the right balance between acknowledging uncertainty and reinforcing preparedness in your communication with the Street. We’re not out of the woods yet and the signs are pointing to a slow burn toward impact.
As noted above, keep an eye out for our Q2’25 Earnings Primer®, which we’ll publish next Thursday, July 10.